Neon tubes for signs are created when an electric current is put through a glass container that contained some sort of inert gas under low pressure. When this happens, the gas ionizes and glows a bright color. George Claude discovered this in 1910 when he ran an electrical current through a glass envelope of neon and it glowed a bright red.
Most neon tubes are usually filled with neon gas, but not all are. Colors other than red neon are actually filled with Argon gas, or a combination of Neon/Argon. Depending on the arrangement of gasses used for each lamp, it can produce up to 150 different colors.
Neon signs can have a lifespan of 15-17 years when operated 12 hours per day. They are also unaffected by mechanical shock or vibration, making them very usable under most conditions.
Neon signs became very popular in the 1920s due to their long lifespan and high endurance.
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